Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is the procedure used to perform the removal of gallbladder that causes the formation of the gallstones. The procedure is performed through the approach of laparoscope. The gallbladder has the physiological function of storing the bile that has been produced inside the liver.
Symptoms of Gall Stones
Many of the gallstones do not result in symptoms usually. But, if these stones start passing out from the gallbladder and cause the block of the outlet of the gallbladder, the result will be severe development of abdominal pain. This resultant abdominal pain is called colic and the procedure performed to treat this condition through laparoscopy is called lap colic. However, some of the symptoms that are shown are,
- Vomiting and nausea
- Chills
- Fever
- Upper abdominal pain, post fat rich meal consumption
- Pain felt in between the blades of the shoulder
- Pain felt beneath the right shoulder
These above symptoms are usually occurred for short periods, after fatty rich meals that usually cause stimulation of the gallbladder to contract.
Causes
Gallstones are formed because of many factors and some of these factors are as the following.
- Overweight of the body has more probability of gallstones incidence
- High fat and high cholesterol diet, but low fiber diet
- Weight loss experienced rapidly, usually because of the bariatric surgery
- Motility of gallbladder, in cases of slow drain gall bladder
Procedure Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (Gall Stone)
Initially, the patient is given general anesthesia, before the procedure is started. Then a small needle will be inserted to the belly button so that the abdomen inflation can be allowed with the gas. Then a small port will be created, just below the button. A thin scope that has a camera at its tip is then inserted in order to allow the visualization inside the abdominal cavity. And at below the breast bone at the abdomen midline, another port is placed. Still two more ports are placed at the right hand side for the abdomen. The last two ports are used to remove the gallbladder in the later stages of the procedure.
The surgeon will free the gallbladder from the scar tissue that could be existing from the acute cholecystitis previous episodes. Doctor then identifies the cystic dust, which joins the bile duct and gallbladder and cystic artery, which is a leading small blood vessel towards the gallbladder.
In the following stages of the procedure, a small incision has to be made in the cystic duct or in the gallbladder. An insertion of a catheter or a small tube is done through this incision. Bile ducts are made clearly visualized by injecting dye through this catheter. The surgeon ensures that there are no stones present in the bile duct, through the monitor. After ensuring that there are no stones viewed and found from the bile duct, then the cystic duct is seated using the metallic clips and the duct is divided. The cystic artery will be clipped and divided so that the attached gallbladder will be separated with the help of laser or cautery device. And now the gallbladder will get removed from incision port. The ports that were opened, are now closed.
In case stones are viewed in the common bile duct, they are to be removed, while laparoscopy is performed. The removal is done through flush through the bile ducts that move towards the bowel, so that the stone will be passed easily without creation of any problems. In case the stones are not easily flushed out, bile duct is then accessed with the help of cystic duct through dilation and making it to the size to pass a choledoschoscope. This choledochoscope helps the surgeons to grasp the stones with the help of small baskets for removing.
Cost of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Gall Stone
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