Laparoscopic surgery is also termed as endoscopic surgery, related to the spine. It is a minimally invasive surgical technique, which is used from two decaded. This procedure is performed to remove or repair the organs surgially, in the body, with small incisions made. The advantages of this procedure are, minimal complications, less tissues of surroundings to be damaged and faster healing benefit.
The laparoscopic approach is performed through making 3 to 4 incisions, which are of ¼ inches length. A laparoscope that looks to be thin and long along with the camera set at one end. The laparoscope helps the surgeon to view the internal parts of the surgical field over a screen or a monitor in the operation theatre.
The term discectomy means removal of the disc, called vertebral disc. Vertebral discs are major parts present in the spine. Spine is comprised of vertebra, or in simple words, a bone and spinal column is made from them. The purpose of the vertebral discs is to protect the nerves that would make the overall spinal cord. The protection is provided, by acting as sponge or cushion and also act like shock absorbers. These discs enabel the human body to easily rotate, bend or twist.
Indications
- Severe leg pain
- Severe back pain
- Radicular signs
- Onservative therapy failed for 6 weeks
- Symptoms confirmed by MRI
Procedure
There are two surgical techniques involved to perform the laparoscopic discectomy.
- Transperitoneal laparoscopy
The patient has to be plaed on the back after giving anesthesia. An incision is made close to belly button and another 3 to 4 incisions might be needed to be done to perform the procedure.
- Retroperitoneal laparoscopy
Local anesthesia is given to the patient and is placed on one side. Endoscopy is used in this procedure.Then the process of discectomy is performed to remove the tissues of herniated disc, that caue the pressure over the the nerves and other parts on the spinal cord.
The surgical procedure involves small cut made to lamina bone on its either side of the vertebra that has been afected. It is achieved by making a cut through one side and a small cut mad on the groove on its opposite side. The pressure on the spinal cord will then be relieved. Surgeons do conduct the process called spinous process is removed in order to allow and help the lamina bone flap and it would be swung open. Then the bone flap would be propped to make it open with the help of small wedges or small bone pieces, so that the spinal canal that has been enlarged, would be remained in its place.
Advantages of Laparoscopic Discectomy
- Very small and minimum incisions made
- Fewer chances of infection
- Cut through muscles is not required
- Minimal or smaller sutures reuired for closure of the site of the incision
- Short recovery time
Outcomes
Laparoscopic discectomy is good for the people, who have not relieved from the severe pains, difficulty in itting, walking or other simple movements after trying the other conventioanl medical treatments. Patients, who have got diagnosed to have herniated discs also can benefit from this procedure.
Recovery
Recovery is very fast for these patients, rather than the open surgery patients. Most of the patients are discharged from the hospital to go home, almost the same day, after the vital signs become stable. Patients can return to the work even, after fewer weeks after the surgery. However, patient, who work with strenuous jobs, need more time, almost double the period of the recovery period of the normal patients.
Cost of Laparoscopic Discectomy Procedure
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